• endothelin receptor br Discussion The Pro Ala variant in

  2021-11-03

  

  Discussion The Pro12Ala variant in PPARG has been one of the first candidate SNPs for type 2 diabetes [16], [17]. The rare allele of this variant is associated with a 25% reduced risk for the disease [18]. Given the role of PPARG as both a receptor for NEFA and itself a regulator of fat metabolis

• br Cell origin The ontogeny of

  2021-11-03

  

  Cell origin The ontogeny of astrocytes in vitro has been investigated in detail; Raff et al. (1983) characterised two types of astrocytes: type 1 being fibroblast-like in morphology and poorly labelled with a monoclonal antibody (AB25), whereas type 2 exhibited oligodendrocyte or neuron-like morp

• Although angiogenesis is crucial for cerebral ischemic rehab

  2021-11-03

  

  Although angiogenesis is crucial for cerebral ischemic rehabilitation, the mechanism underlying NGF promotion of angiogenesis is not clear. Previous studies showed that angiogenesis can be promoted by FAK, in a breast cancer model [19]. Recent studies showed that FAK phosphorylation participated in

• Recently an increasing number of

  2021-11-02

  

  Recently, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the crucial role of nociceptive factors produced by microglia under neuropathic pain conditions (Mika et al., 2013; Popiolek-Barczyk and Mika, 2016). iNOS is an important pronociceptive factor that is strictly expressed by microglia/macropha

• With the administration of OM

  2021-11-02

  

  With the administration of OM3 fatty acids, it has previously been shown that the activation of GPR120 is linked to the secretion and circulating levels of the adipokine adiponectin [123] promoting anti-inflammation (downregulation of NF-κB) and insulin sensitivity [124]. Interestingly, Nrf2 also de

• In silico analysis revealed structural similarities between

  2021-11-02

  

  In silico analysis revealed structural similarities between the CpMutY and the EcMutY which share typical domains and structural motifs (Fig. 5), common to a wide range of structurally related DNA repair enzymes. These include an endonuclease III domain, involved in excision of damaged pyrimidines,

• br Material and methods br

  2021-11-02

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Neurosteroids capable of blocking the NMDAR channel attract a lot of attention as possible therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. A large number of new ddhGTP with different structures have been synthesized in order to cr

• Na K ATPase adenosine triphosphate ATP

  2021-11-02

  

  Na+/K+-ATPase, UCM05 and astrocytic glutamate transporters act together to maintain sodium and potassium gradients and the proper activities of EAAT1 and EAAT2 (Rose et al., 2009; Sheean et al., 2013); nevertheless, in present study, Na+/K+-ATPase activity was shown to be increased as from 24 h. It

• In summary activated A AR

  2021-11-02

  

  In summary, activated A2AR exacerbated the reverse transport function of endothelial EAATs through a direct or indirect pathway depending on PKA and glutamate levels in response to OGD in vitro, but A2AR inhibition quickly restored the normal transport function. Moreover, the key mechanisms by which

• Pyrogallol is an organic gallic acid converting compound tha

  2021-11-02

  

  Pyrogallol is an organic gallic acid-converting compound that has three hydroxyl groups and belongs to the phenol family. Gallic GSK1904529A is obtainable from the galls and barks of various trees, and a simple heating procedure can induce the decarboxylation of gallic acid to produce pyrogallol (al

• Bisindolylmaleimide VIII acetate synthesis Post translationa

  2021-11-02

  

  Post-translational modifications of the GR can alter the transcriptional effects of GR activation [31], and may provide a mechanism for the interactions between cell signaling pathways and GR-mediated transcriptional activity. Dex-BSA treatment reportedly increased p38 MAPK activation in CD14-positi

• Due to the versatility of the ghrelin system and its

  2021-11-02

  

  Due to the versatility of the ghrelin system and its multiple functions, dysregulation in some of the components of the ghrelin system, such as ghrelin, GOAT, and GHSR, might lead to pathogenesis of many endocrine-related diseases, including obesity, short stature, cancer, inflammatory, and cardiova

• Clinical trials of all GSIs have

  2021-11-02

  

  Clinical trials of all GSIs have ended prematurely, raising the question on our understanding of their target, the γ-secretase/presenilin. Development of compounds to target γ-secretase and reduce Aβ production is complicated by the fact that γ-secretase/presenilin has critical biological function,

• According to its major function as master regulator

  2021-11-02

  

  According to its major function as master regulator of BA homeostasis, FXR has been shown to have a specific tissue distribution; it is expressed along the entire gastrointestinal tract with a peak in the liver and ileum, as well as in the kidney, and adrenal glands [30], [66], [135]. Low FXR expres

• br G protein coupled receptor

  2021-11-02

  

  G-protein coupled receptor 40 (GPR40), also known as a free fatty 97 9 australia receptor, is dominantly expressed in pancreatic β cells and intestine K, L cells., . Besides, GPR40 is also reported to be expressed in brain, but its function is still unknown. It is well documented that GPR40 agonis

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