• SGLT inhibitors have been accepted as a new class

  2022-02-22

  

  SGLT-2 inhibitors have been accepted as a new class of antidiabetic agent (Kurosaki and Ogasawara, 2013). They limit renal glucose reabsorption and promote urinary excretion of glucose, thereby reducing plasma glucose levels (de Leeuw and de Boer, 2016, Jojima et al., 2016, Pérez López et al., 2010,

• LbGlcK and the HsHxKIV d glucose complex PDB

  2022-02-22

  

  LbGlcK and the HsHxKIV-d-glucose complex (PDB entry 3IDH) [17] were superimposed from individual subunits. The active site regions revealed the key ISRIB binding residues to be present for LbGlcK; also, the superposition showed that HsHxKIV had residues that were absent in LbGlcK, such as K169 and

• The regulation of gap junction

  2022-02-22

  

  The regulation of gap junction-connexin-mediated activities may be achieved through action on the channel gating properties (membrane voltage, pH, interaction with junctional and cytoskeletal proteins, Ca2+ and K+ concentrations, etc) or on the trafficking, turnover and localization of connexins. Sh

• The intestinal epithelium is the first line of defense

  2022-02-21

  

  The intestinal epithelium is the first line of defense against pathogens and noxious agents and exerts a range of physiological activities, including digestion and Isochlorogenic acid C australia of nutrients. The intestinal wall consists of a series of finger shaped protrusions called villi and in

• Cepharanthine A breakthrough in the understanding of the uni

  2022-02-21

  

  A breakthrough in the understanding of the unique properties of GPX4-downregulation-induced cell death was accomplished when Seiler et al. in 2008 demonstrated the role of 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX), a polyunsaturated fatty Cepharanthine metabolizing enzyme [92], in the execution of GPX4-knockou

• br Discussion In response to

  2022-02-21

  

  Discussion In response to an increase in glucose or DHA concentration, FBPase showed nuclear import and recruitment in a peripheral cell compartment. Interestingly, FBPase and GS were co-recruited to the periphery of the cells. This is precisely the site where glycogen is initially synthesized an

• More direct evidence of a

  2022-02-21

  

  More direct evidence of a role for Hat1 in the acetylation of newly synthesized histone H4 has come from a number of recent studies that have shown that Hat1 is responsible for at least a portion of the acetylation that occurs on histone H4 lysines 5 and 12 in the pool of cytosolic histones. In chic

• br Conclusion and future perspectives In

  2022-02-21

  

  Conclusion and future perspectives In the setting of myocardial I/R stress, HDAC activity is induced and contributes to myocardial injury. HDAC inhibition appears to protect the am 630 from I/R injury by activating a variety of pro-survival molecular pathways. From a clinical relevance standpoin

• Interestingly systemic circulating levels of NOx were

  2022-02-21

  

  Interestingly, systemic circulating levels of NOx were not dramatically increased by treatment with isosorbide mononitrate or sodium nitrite at a dose which exerted beneficial effects on the progression of PH. In line with our results, Mathew et al. [13] demonstrated that the long-acting NO donor mo

• Much of the understanding of

  2022-02-21

  

  Much of the understanding of this system has come from several studies focussed on CB1. A significant amount of research has demonstrated that activation of the CB1 receptor by cannabinoid ligands stimulates food intake [10], reduces gastrointestinal motility [11], and increases lipogenesis [12] and

• Level of CD and other

  2022-02-21

  

  Level of CD4 and other blood parameters in patients before and after intervention are presented in Table 2. The mean of the CD4+ level before treatment in the intervention and placebo groups was 161.5 ± 291.1 and 159.9 ± 337.4, respectively (P = 0.232), which increased after treatment in both groups

• Pediatric cancers are fundamentally different from adult

  2022-02-18

  

  Pediatric cancers are fundamentally different from adult tumors and usually display a lower mutational burden and a faster growth rate. About 30% of all childhood malignancies are solid tumors and, in a majority of cases, respond well to chemotherapy. However, in particular in neuroblastoma the succ

• Administration of a fructose rich

  2022-02-18

  

  Administration of a fructose-rich diet to normal rats induces insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, depending on treatment duration [23]. We have shown that development of these abnormalities as well as fat deposit in liver, are effectively prevented by co-administration of

• An important difference between glucokinase and the other

  2022-02-18

  

  An important difference between glucokinase and the other hexokinases is that it has a much lower affinity for glucose, such that it is not saturated at physiological blood glucose concentrations (Wilson, 1995, Wilson, 1997, Wilson, 2003, Wilson, 2004, Cárdenas et al., 1998). In addition, glucokinas

• Ketamine has recently been found to exert

  2022-02-18

  

  Ketamine has recently been found to exert rapid and sustained antidepressant effect. Single dose ketamine can have an efficacy of up to 1 week [20]. Furthermore, ketamine is an effective drug against refractory depression [21,22]. The antidepressant mechanism of ketamine is still unclear. Whether CO

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